AIDS is caused by which virus?

The virus responsible for AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, also known as HIV. This virus primarily attacks the immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells, which are crucial for the body’s immune response. Over time, if HIV is not treated, it significantly reduces the number of these immune cells, leading to acquired immunodeficiency and making the individual more susceptible to opportunistic infections and certain cancers.

Understanding the characteristics of HIV is important for recognizing how it leads to AIDS and emphasizing the necessity for treatment and preventive measures. Antiretroviral therapy can manage HIV, preventing the progression to AIDS and maintaining a person’s immune system.

In contrast, the other viruses and bacteria mentioned are distinctly associated with different diseases. Hepatitis B virus is linked to liver disease, the influenza virus is responsible for the flu, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. None of these pathogens have a direct role in the development of AIDS, highlighting the unique nature and impact of HIV.