Which pathogens are commonly involved in surgical site infections?

The pathogens commonly involved in surgical site infections are Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Staphylococcus aureus, particularly in its methicillin-resistant form (MRSA), is notorious for its role in healthcare-associated infections, including those following surgical procedures. It is adept at colonizing skin and nasal passages, making it a frequent contaminant during surgery.

Escherichia coli, a part of the normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract, can also cause surgical site infections, particularly in procedures involving the abdomen or pelvic area where it may escape from the gut. The presence of these pathogens in surgical wounds can lead to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and more complex treatment regimens, highlighting the importance of infection control practices in preventing such infections.

Other pathogens listed, such as Clostridium difficile and Streptococcus pneumoniae, are more associated with different types of infections and not specifically with surgical site infections. Clostridium difficile, for example, is primarily linked to antibiotic-associated diarrhea, while Streptococcus pneumoniae is mainly known for respiratory infections. Similarly, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella, Neisseria meningitidis, and Listeria monocytogenes are not typically involved in surgical site infections, which